Clinical manifestations of lesions in different parts of extrapyramdal system - Putamen - Athetosis Caudaie nucleus - Choteä Subthalamic nucleus - Hem

arteries Clinical manifestations of lesions in different parts of extrapyramdal system - Putamen - Athetosis Caudaie nucleus - Choteä Subthalamic nucleus - Hemlballsmus Globus pallindus and substantia nigra - Parkirsonian tremor and rigidity Chorea Hereditary neurological disorders Huntington's disease Benign familial chorea Päroxysmäl choraoathetosis Dentato-rubro-pällido-luysiän atrophy Wilseon's dsease Cerebellar degenerations Neuroacantrhocytsis 2 Other causes Sydenham's chorea Dopamine Pregnancy receptor-blocking drugs Oral contraceptives ldopathic (b) Deficiercies. B12, thiamine, VItE, nicotinamide (c) Leprosy (d) Toxic: Alcohol, drugs (e) Paraneoplasilc Lymphioma, Ca lung, PRV (1) Autoimmune dseases RA, SIE (g) Hereditary. Heredtary and sansory neuropathy typa l, gianl axonal neuropathy. hereditary ataxias (h) Miscellaneous COPD, prirmary.. amyloid. sarcold (i) Undetermined Paraplegia with optic atrophy - 1 Hereditary aiaxias - Friedreich's, Sänger Brown 2 Damyelinating - Multiple sclerosis. 3 Infections - TB, syphilis, arachnoldtis. 4. Deficiency - Subacute combined degeneration, pellagra 5 Vascular - Eale's disease. 8 Toxic - Alcohol, SMON 7. Miscellaneous - Matstastasis. Paget's disease öf bone Paraplegia with loss öf deep reflexes 1 St ats of spinal shock 2 Spinal artery thrombosis hemorrhage 3 Associatad radiculitis 4 INH toxicity (Tr öf TB spfne) 5 Presence öf bed sores/UTl (rare) Neurosyphilis it can be associated with congenital syphüilis, but not cardiovascular syphilis Cerebral aneurysms - Predisposing causes -1 Coarclation öl aartla. 2 Polycystic disease 3 Renal anery stenosis (fibromusccular dysplasia) 4. Essential hypertension 5 Enlers-Danlos syndrome type lV 8 PAN 7 SLE 8 Wegner's granulomatosis Mycotic aneurysm mors often causes dstal bleed not SAH Benign intracranlal hypartansion -latrogenic causea - Tetracycline Oral contrceptive Corticosteroiteroids Nitrrofurantion Nalidixic acid myasthenia gravis- Causes of unexpected deterioration - 1. Thyrotoxicosis 2 Sepsis 3 Pregnnrcy 4 Dnugs - Quinionne,. procalnamlde, phsnytoin Propranolo. lignocalne Aminoglycösides D-penicillamine Dluretics (hypokalemiä) Pathological classilication